Save Wild Life free essay sample

Considering the protection estimates embraced during the previous year, bring up that through political will and duty the greater part of the compromised untamed life and their territories can at present be spared We were just 300 million Indians when the British left their most valued magnificent belonging. In simply over 50 years we have dramatically multiplied our populace and lost in excess of 50 lakh hectares of our regular backwoods. With the nation expecting to discover food, water, cover, vitality, lumber and medication for another mouth each substitute second, our timberlands and wild scenes face new and greater dangers. With this thriving development in human populace certain types of our untamed life face danger of termination than any time in recent memory before.The Indian Cheetah has been headed to eradication, the forehead antlered deer is confronting the danger of annihilation, the normal living space of the tiger has contracted to short of what one percent of its previous officer, the home of Asiatic lion is pushed to one little corner in Gujrat, the natural surroundings scope of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros is presently limited to a couple of pockets in North East India, the rainforest territory of the lion-followed macaque is lessening quicker than we expected, the extraordinary pied hornbill which imparts its living space to the lion followed macaque can take off perpetually, all around secured living space of the Indian Elephant could be under two percent of our countrys land region. As common history essayist Tim Radford really remarked in his ongoing article in the Guardian about untamed life eradication â€Å"the initial five incredible elimination of life throughout the entire existence of the planet were all normal: from volcanic fiasco, environmental change, space rock sway, or even savage radiation from a detonating star. Be that as it may, this one is the accidental work of humankind†. Natural life week and the year that was Yet one more year has unobtrusively cruised by. Huge numbers of us probably won't have given a genuine idea to untamed life conservation.While we accept this ought to be a fervently discussed issue, the substantial and elusive advantages we get from natural life preservation straightforwardly worries more than 75 percent of our countrys populace who rely on the customary occupation rainfed agribusiness. This separated, it concerns a large portion of us in a few distinct manners both known and obscure. It is time again for us all to consider the requirements of untamed life preservation and try harder to play out the difficult errand of protection on-the-ground. We have to dissect the different perspectives that have influenced the future endurance of our natural life species. Anyway the most recent year has seen some significant additions for natural life conservation.There have been a few positive activities and triumphs for the preservation corps of our nation. Different strategies, choices and activities by the administration, legal executive and intrigued preservation associations have straightforwardly or by implication influenced the administration of our wild zones. Solid laws-more grounded requirement Amidst all the misery and fate for untamed life, the year 2003 has really observed significant gains on the legitimate front. In an uncommon demonstration of agreement the parliament of India passed the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Bill, 2002. The revised (Wildlife Protection) Act, is more grounded with a few new provisions and significant corrections making it the rampart and watchman of untamed life and its habitat.Penalties for chasing wild creatures have been expanded to at least three years so as to guarantee that murdering of jeopardized creatures including the tiger and elephant, presently qualify as non-bailable offenses. Another provision currently engages implementation specialists to impact relinquishment of property got fr om unlawful chasing or exchange of untamed life. To guarantee better assurance of untamed life living spaces, illicit infringes inside national parks or natural life asylums would now be able to be ousted and structures evacuated; no development of business visitor cabins, inns and zoos can be permitted without the earlier endorsement of the National Board for Wildlife. The business misuse of woods produce has now been made illicit. The legal executive also has held hands towards protection of backwoods and wildlife.To help and adequately screen the usage and consistence of a few milestone arranges, the Supreme Court guided the Union Government to comprise the Central Empowered Committee (CEC). From that point forward the CEC has proceeded to make a few significant proposals on basic issues concerning natural life that incorporate ending up of mining in Kudremukh, complete restriction on logging including evacuation of dead and wind fallen trees in ensured zones and prohibition on regularization of infringed woodland land. The sum total of what these have been significant additions for natural life preservation that protectionists can really cheer about. Occasions in Karnataka The previous year has been a productive year for the preservation situation in Karnataka.Several significant occasions and activities were taken up during this period that wou ld set another pattern in the ensured zones of our state. The pinnacle court of our nation passed a milestone judgment requesting the conclusion of the biologically destroying mining tasks did in Kudremukh National Park. This rainforest environment is a biodiversity treasure trove and home to a few jeopardized untamed life species including the lion-followed macaque. The choice to quit mining would spare such specialty authority species as well as ensure the employment of a great many peripheral ranchers reliant on the Bhadra, Tunga and Nethravathi streams that start in the woods of Kudremukh.The court obviously dismissed the contentions of financial advantages for the environmental advantages for the general public from these delicate eco-framework. This is seen as a land mark judgment throughout the entire existence of untamed life protection in India. ‘Wildlife First’ a genius dynamic natural life association had moved toward the Supreme court against the continuation of the mining action and in relationship with a few other untamed life, condition and ranchers associations led a significant battle against recharging of the mining lease. Positive Political Will The Chief Minister of Karnataka in light of general feeling took an ecologically stable and socially mindful choice to spare the Kudremukh National Park from the desolates of mining. In one more positive move in August 2003 the Chief Minister, in light of an intrigue by preservation associations, took a visionary choice of preventing lumber extraction from the forested catchments of Kodagu; guided senior authorities of the Government to build up an arrangement for union of the zone as an untamed life hold and approach the UNESCO which is thinking about a proposition to inform the region as a World Heritage Site. This choice expect more noteworthy significance in the wake of poor rainstorm in Kaveri delta and the extreme dry spell looked by the state and will go far in ensuring the watershed of Kaveri, the stream of expectation and thriving of a few million ranchers in the conditions of Karnataka and Tamilnadu. For such positive political will to really mean on the ground activity a dynamic and responsive administration should be set up. The new Chief Wildlife Warden of Karnataka has displayed such dynamism by proactively starting a few fundamental changes subsequ ent to assuming responsibility for the Wildlife Wing which direly required priming.He has just verbalized a procedure that incorporates solidification of territories, reinforcing of assurance and negligible formative works like streets, structures, etc inside natural life holds. Developing Solutions The willful resettlement of individuals dwelling inside Bhadra Tiger Reserve has risen as a model venture and is pretty much complete with the vast majority of the families moving out of the save. Indications of natural life coming back to the prior possessed territories are as of now clear. This venture is likewise a prime example of astounding co-appointment between government authorities and non-government associations. The example of overcoming adversity of Bhadra has imbued trust in a few thousand residents cut off from the world inside our natural life stores and deprived of even fundamental amenities.There have been cases of townspeople and woods authorities from different zones previously visiting the Bhadra intentional resettlement task to note down the critical purposes of the venture. While the whole nation is grabbing for an environmentally right and socially pragmatic answer for the vexed issue of woods infringements, a little however viable activity has been actualized in Kudremukh National Park. In an inventive exertion, eight pastoralist families who had infringed timberland land in Kudremukh National Park were willfully resettled outside the national park with help from singular private contributors. The families were given appropriate remuneration and o ffered help to buy rural land outside the national park by natural life organisations.We accept that these sorts of activities that offer even minded answers for merge prime untamed life territories and forever resolve human-natural life struggle holds impressive guarantee since this one of a kind exertion can likewise be duplicated in other significant ensured zones through valuable private open associations. In spite of the fact that untamed life preservation is generally seen as the insurance of huge magnetic warm blooded animals for the guilty pleasure of urban first class, the general advantages for the whole society accumulate through sparing a whole biological system that incorporates even miniaturized scale life forms is tremendous. We probably won't comprehend the conspicuousness of our untamed life both huge and little, until the outcomes rise, which by then would be unsalvageable. These complex natural networks which contain yet unexplored wild qualities of food plants, filaments, synthetic compounds and structures are significant biodiversity resources that is basic for endurance of human kind.So numerous elusive advantages our timberlands give people over the world with no desires consequently. It is along these lines basic for this age to spare this organic fortune for what's to come. This ca

Some students have a background or story that is so central to their Essay - 3

A few understudies have a foundation or story that is so key to their character that they accept their application would be inadequate without it. On the off chance that this seems like you, at that point please share your story - Essay Example My folks needed to move in view of their excursions for work and other business related issues, while I was to finished my training endlessly from them. Steady moving was frustrating my tutoring thus they considered it better on the off chance that I remained in a solitary spot, regardless of whether it implied avoiding them. Frequently, we don't understand the penances that our friends and family make for us and our brain just spotlights on its negative parts. I confess to having experienced similar sentiments where I concentrated more on the nonattendance of my folks throughout my life. I used to believe that they didn't cherish me and that I was only an undesirable weight on their lives. At the point when I used to take a gander at the individuals around me and how kids were content with their folks, I felt horrendous from within. There was a void which my folks didn't fill and the vacancy became more grounded with time. I loathed being brought into the world ordinarily. At whatev er point I ran over families that were finished and youngsters who were with their folks, in addition to the fact that I felt tragic I used to get envious of them. I used to ponder a great deal concerning why I was unable to bond on such a level with my folks. The absence of powerful figures throughout my life really delivered an unfilled injury. At some point, I unearthed the photos of my folks when they were youthful. The photos looked old however I was unable to help grinning at them on the grounds that these photos indicated the absolute most joyful snapshots of my life. The photos were of me and my folks in which I was youthful, however I understood so were they. The energy that my mom and father appreciated had blurred away at this point and I understood the effect of time on them. At that exact instant, something in me clicked and I inferred that I was unable to reprimand my folks for not being there for me. Love doesn't generally require the physical nearness of people however it is fairly the connecting of the spirits. My folks got hitched after secondary school and they couldn't set off for college. They needed to work very

Face Book And Study

Face Book And Study Okay, hold up. I have a really good excuse for not blogging in ages. Two excuses, actually. Yes, I took my last final over a week ago, and yes, I only had one, and yes, it was for an intro class since I’m one of those people who does course 6 in no order whatsoever. Taking course 6 in no order whatsoever isnt all fun and games, though I spent the two weeks before finals simultaneously doing 3 final projects. First excuse: I NEED HOUSING. My sworn roommate flew out here last night, and I’ve sent 150+ emails and made 20+ calls related to housing, because I decided not to take company housing for some reason. When I landed last weekend, I booked Sunday solid with the few subletters and landlords who had returned my frantic correspondence, ran all around town visiting them, and ended up with a really awesome prospectthat isn’t sure when we can move in. Where am I, anyways? Second excuse: I started working for Facebook last week! This is marginally more exciting than any outsider might imagine, but in a nerdier way. I walked into a giant warehouse last Monday morning to find rows and rows of laptops accompanied by nametags and setup instructions sitting in front of rows and rows of chairs. We (the interns) were then asked to log into Facebook. Afterward, we spent most of our lunch break doing this: Okay, they didn’t actually pay us to goof around the whole day mostly, we were going through an introduction to the company, its mission, and its policies. Heres my favorite quote from the sexual harassment seminar: “You love your job, you love your work, you love your teambut then you start loving your boss.” After talking about ethics and values and statistics for a while, we got to the part we’d been waiting for: setting up code repositories on our development servers! You know I’d normally illustrate this with a picture of a cluster of alternately gleeful and despairing interns, all wearing taped glasses and argyle sweaters and hunched over computer terminals reconfigured to look like the Matrix. But pictures of interesting things on computer screens make for terrible pictures. I imagine most of my pictures for the rest of the summer will be of people eating or hitting each other with balloon animals or passed out over their laptops on a couch after a hackathon. Again, we dont get paid to do nothing all day. I walked into the bathroom the other day and, to my simultaneous horror and amusement, was greeted with a basket filled to the top with new toothbrushes and travel-sized toothpaste tubes, so I’m pretty sure there will be some long coding nights ahead. For those of you who may have noticed that my pictures have suddenly experienced a drastic drop in quality: Facebook gave me an iPhone, which has a large enough portability advantage over my DSLR that its hard not to use it constantly. Ah, modern technology. EDIT: We found housing!!!!!!!!!11cos(0) In true rfong style, I celebrated by buying a 14oz teapot. Just kidding. In even truer rfong style, I prematurely bought the teapot yesterday.

Why Should I Stop Using Plastic Bags

Americans dispose of more than 100 billion plastic bags every year, and only a fraction are ever recycled. What’s Bad About Plastic Bags Plastic bags are not biodegradable. They fly off trash piles, garbage trucks, and landfills, and then clog stormwater infrastructure, float down waterways, and spoil the landscape. If all goes well, they end up in proper landfills where they may take 1,000 years or more to break down into ever smaller particles that continue to pollute the soil and water. Animals Think Theyre Food Plastic bags also pose a danger to birds and marine mammals that often mistake them for food. Floating plastic bags regularly fool sea turtles into thinking they are one of their favorite prey: jellyfish. Thousands of animals die each year after swallowing or choking on discarded plastic bags. This mistaken identity issue is a problem even for camels in the Middle East. Breaks Down to Smaller Pieces Plastic bags exposed to sunlight for long enough do undergo physical breakdown. Ultraviolet rays turn the plastic brittle, breaking it into ever smaller pieces. The small fragments then mix with soil and lake sediments, are picked up by streams, or end up contributing to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch and other oceanic trash deposits. Scientists have discovered that plastics do break down and release chemicals that harm marine life when ingested. Waste of Natural Resources Producing plastic bags, transporting them to stores, and bringing the used ones to landfills and recycling facilities require millions of gallons of petroleum. This non-renewable resource can arguably be better used for more beneficial activities like transportation or heating. Bans on Plastic Bags Some businesses have stopped offering their customers plastic bags, and many communities are considering a ban on plastic bags. San Francisco was the first to do so in 2007. Some states are experimenting with solutions like mandatory deposits, purchasing fees, and outright bans. Some grocery store chains now have policies to minimize use, including charging a small fee to customers who want plastic bags provided. Switch to Reusable Bags, Recycle the Rest Switch to reusable shopping bags. Reusable shopping bags made from renewable materials conserve resources by replacing paper and plastic bags. Reusable bags are convenient and come in a variety of sizes, styles, and materials. When not in use, some reusable bags can be rolled or folded small enough to fit easily into a pocket. Make sure you wash them regularly.Recycle your plastic bags. If you do end up using plastic bags now and then, be sure to recycle them. Many grocery stores now collect plastic bags for recycling. If yours does not, check with your community recycling program to learn how to recycle plastic bags in your area. Plastic Industry Responds As with most environmental issues, the plastic bag problem is not as simple as it seems. Plastic industry groups like to remind us that compared to the paper bag alternative, plastic bags are light, have low transportation costs, and require comparatively little (non-renewable) resources to make while generating less waste. They also are completely recyclable, provided your community has access to the right facilities. Their contribution to landfills is fairly small, and by the industrys estimate, 65% of Americans re-purpose and reuse their plastic bags. Of course, these arguments are less convincing when the comparisons are made against washable, sturdy reusable shopping bags. Edited by Frederic Beaudry.

The Quintessential Guide to Essay Topics for Religious Studies

The Quintessential Guide to Essay Topics for Religious Studies Well, in other words, because the skills you are able to acquire can be applied to so many unique varieties of careers. Because there are varied jobs, you are going to be able to obtain the one which satisfies your abilities. An individual may be wondering what type of religious studies jobs are readily available. Simply take the skill of having the ability to understand unique cultures and philosophical points of view. Essay Topics for Religious Studies - What Is It? An individual may receive a wide comprehension of various religions and the way in which they compare, or one may find a deeper knowledge of a single religion. A purely academic track in religious studies is comparable to the essentials of philosophy. As a religious studies graduate, you will have a great deal of career choices. Theology and religious studies graduates work in many different unique roles in a variety of job sectors. These biochemical hormones enable the person to survive stressful problems. The primary reason for studying mathematics to an advanced level is that it's interesting and pleasurable. Today student often locate the alternate remedy to lower their workload and pressure simultaneously. The Argument About Essay Topics for Religious Studies This essay is likely to end up being 300 to 600 words, so in the event that you pick solid examples and make sure that you are very clear in your explanations of things, it won't really hard to reach. Moreover, you've got to read the basics religious concepts also as a way to perfectly compose the religion essay. Perhaps you simply do not know the subject well enough, and that's the reason you cannot locate the idea for your history essay. Last words of advice here is that you also have to read about the other religions in order to find a better mastery of the term religion. The hormones allow the mind to concentrate just on the object of threat in order for the individual may exclusively manage it. It is possible to even make up something when you have to, provided that it's analogous to your side of the debate (I only suggest this as a final resort in the event you brain fart or something). Hence, there are plenty of ways by which you are able to effectively make your crime and punishment essay in virtually no time. It's quite easy to use together with self explanatory. The Foolproof Essay Topics for Religious Studies Strategy People will willingly supply you with all kinds of help regarding your research paper topics. History of internet banking 6. Management of Stress Stress can be and needs to be managed to allow survival. A Ph.D. in Religious Studies or other relevant field is needed by the beginning date. Introduction to internet banking 4. The religious writer provides just the ideal chance to get involved with the literary way. Hope this provides you with some ideas. Consult your teacher that will help you to earn a choice or search for interesting ideas online. Lies You've Been Told About Essay Topics for Religious Studies Here's a look at just a number of those areas. Religious studies offer an exceptional knowledge-base, highly sought in a sizable number of establishments worldwide. You'll see all these regions of the path starts with the word Right. While museum jobs can be challenging to find, they are extremely important and fun careers. Another good issue is that students who didn't qualify during the previous application window can utilize EssayService's broad assortment of tools to enhance their essa y writing. Following are a few of the intriguing position essay topics which are in the shape of an argument and the choice is all up to the students whether they would care to write in favor or against the subject. So far as essay structure goes, a 4 or 5 paragraph essay based on the number of points you may wish to argue is an excellent start. Also, utilize all the scratch paper you require. It is an impossible task to compose a very good history paper if you write about something you find boring and don't care about in any way. Thus, writing a history paper will surely be fun, if you only opt for a really intriguing history essay topic. The most frequently encountered paper writing service that the majority of our clients require is essay writing.

The Diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(91) " Balasoiu 1997 Meter F 16 32 Very few surveies of this type were carried out in our state\." This was a instance control survey, which was conducted at the Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute Hospital, Puducherry, a rural Tertiary attention infirmary with an one-year volume of above 1,00,000 patients over one twelvemonth period. The Institutional Medical Ethics Committee approved this survey. From January 2011 until April 2012 we enrolled patients between the ages of 14 and 86 old ages of age. We will write a custom essay sample on The Diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now 100 diabetes mellitus patients and 50 healthy not diabetic controls without any urinary ailments viz dysuria, frequence, urgency, strangury, tenesimus, nocturia, nocturnal urinary incontinence, prostatism, incontinency, urethral hurting, vesica hurting, nephritic gripes, prostate hurting, and who attended Mahatma Gandhi Medical College between August 2010 to July 2012 were enrolled for this survey. These patients did non hold any old vesica catheterisation, instrumentality of urogenital piece of land or old urogenital surgery. WHO criteria was applied to name diabetes mellitus. WHO criteria for naming diabetes mellitus. Methods and standards for naming diabetes mellitus 1. Diabetess symptoms ( ie polyuria, polydipsia and unexplained weight loss ) plus a random venous plasma glucose concentration A ; gt ; 11.1 mmol/l or a fasting plasma glucose concentration A ; gt ; 7.0 mmol/l ( whole blood A ; gt ; 6.1mmol/l ) or two hr plasma glucose concentration A ; gt ; 11.1 mmol/l two hours after 75g anhydrous glucose in an unwritten glucose tolerance trial ( OGTT ) . 2. without symptoms diagnosing of DM should non be based on a individual glucose trial but requires collateral plasma venous finding. At least two glucose trials result on a another twenty-four hours with a value within the diabetic scope is indispensable. It can be either fasting, random sample or the two hr station glucose trial. If the fasting glucose or random glucose values are non diagnostic of DM so the two hr value should be used. Method During initial visit relevant facts were elicited from patients sing history, age, continuance of diabetes, absence of urinary symptoms. H/O old catheterisation, instrumentality and surgery of urogenital piece of land. With respect to female patients, their catamenial history, H/O white discharge. H/O pruritus vulva were elicited. Then elaborate scrutiny of patients carried out peculiarly with respect to complications of diabetes. In male patients, per rectal scrutiny was carried out to govern out prostate expansion routinely. In female patients elaborate gynecological scrutiny carried out to govern out any gynecological jobs, cystocele etc. After these preliminary scrutinies, patients non suiting into choice standards were omitted, and 100 diabetes mellitus patients, and 50 non diabetic control were proceeded to following phase of survey. During subsequent visits, patients and command group random blood sugar degrees, blood carbamide, serum creatinine trials were done. On the same twenty-four hours patients urine samples were collected for civilization and microscopic scrutiny. In female patients urine civilization sample were collected during their non-menstural periods. METHODS OF URINE SPECIMEN COLLECTION Clean gimmick mid watercourse urine aggregation method was adopted. Patients were explained about the methods of roll uping clean gimmick midstream piss and aged female patients were provided with nursing helpers for cleaning the external genital organ. Urine was collected in a unfertile wide-mouthed prison guard cap bottle for civilization intent and microscopic scrutiny. Two back-to-back urine specimens were obtained, and refrigerated instantly, because it was non possible to plate all the samples of urine instantly. One civilization of a clean-voide specimen of midstream piss from an person without symptoms of a UTI with at least 105 cfu/ml of the same individual bacterial species was considered equal to name ASB [ 30 ] . The ground to civilization a 2nd clip is to know apart between true bacteriuria and taint. In most surveies, merely the positive civilizations are repeated to name [ 30 ] . Quantitative CULTURE OF URINE Urine was cultured quantitatively by graduated cringle technique. The civilization home bases were read at the terminal of 24 hours and no. of settlements counted in positive civilizations. If there was no growing the civilization home bases were reincubated for another 24 hours and figure of settlements calculated if growing was noted. ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY TESTS These were done utilizing the standard sums of ( nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, co-trimaxazole,3rd coevals Mefoxins, fluroquinolones, ? lactams and nalidixic acid in all civilization positive instances ) and study obtained at the terminal of 48 hours. It was non possible to gauge HbA1C in all the patients in our set-up. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients and controls. We excluded all patients who had factors favoring exclusion standards and included patients who satisfied inclusion standards. Data Collection All information was entered into a Data Collection Proforma Sheet ( Appendix 1 ) and were entered into Excel ( MS Excel 2011 ) . The Sheet had a ocular map for taging and divided into indicants for both genders. Other biographical inside informations were besides collected including day of the month of birth, weight and tallness. Statistical Methods Statistical analysis was carried out utilizing SPSS version 19.0 ( IBM SPSS, US ) package with Regression Modules installed. Statistical methods such as odds ratio and chisquare trials were applied to happen the significance between different variables. ASB Case control Positive 42 [ a ] 3 [ B ] negative 58 [ degree Celsiuss ] 47 [ vitamin D ] Oddss ratio: ad/bc = 42Ãâ€"47/58Ãâ€"3 = 11.34 Diabetic patients have 11.34 times the hazard to develop symptomless bacteruria than a non diabetic person. Chisquare: X2 = ? ( o-e ) 2 vitamin E df = 1 X2 = 20.564 P = Discussion In this survey an effort was made to find the incidence of symptomless bacteriuria in diabetes mellitus patients with comparing to non diabetic control group, common organisms doing infection and their antibiotic sensitiveness. On reexamining the literature the undermentioned surveies conducted in similar mode to the present survey noted. Writer Year Sexual activity Prevalence Rate % Veljlasgaard 1966 Both 9.3 1986 Both 6.3 Schmitt 1986 F 9.1 Keane 1988 F 3.5 Fold addition Kelestimor 1990 F Meter 31.3 17.4 Zhanel 1955 F Meter 3 fold rise Equal to non diabetic male Zhanel 1955 F 7.9 Kayima 1996 F Meter 28 16 Balasoiu 1997 Meter F 16 32 Very few surveies of this type were carried out in our state. As noted above, most of surveies were conducted merely in female type II diabetes patients. Prevalence of symptomless bacteriuria in female diabetes patients varies from 7.9 % to 32 % . Relatively in the present survey the incidence of asymtomatic bacteriuria in female Type II patients is 35.38 % . Merely few surveies were conducted in male Type II patients. Most of the surveies showed the prevalence of symptomless bacteriuria as equal to non-diabetic work forces. But in the present survey incidence of symptomless bacteriuria in male Type II is 20 % compared to 0 % incidence in non-diabetic control. A survey conducted in Type II patients of both sexes showed the prevalence of symptomless bacteriuria as 9.3 % . In the present survey the incidence of symptomless bacteriuria in Type II patients is 26.66 % ( Male 20 % ; Female 40 % ) . In the present survey incidence of symptomless bacteriuria in both female and male diabetic patients are high when compared with non diabetic control group ( 36 % and 20 % and 0 % ) Both Type II ( insulin ) and Type II ( OHA ) patients are every bit affected ( 26.66 % and 28.33 % ) . Percentage of male patients with diabetes mellitus on insulin with positive civilization – 20.00 % Percentage of male patients with diabetes mellitus on OHA with positive civilization – 20.00 % Percentage of female patients with diabetes mellitus on insulin with positive civilization – 40.00 % Percentage of male patients with diabetes mellitus on OHA with positive civilization – 35.00 % Percentage of patients with diabetes mellitus on insulin with positive civilization – 26.66 % . Percentage of patients with diabetes mellitus on OHA with positive civilization – 28.00 % Percentage of male patients with positive civilization – 20.00 % Percentage of female patients with positive civilization – 36.00 % In control group no. of male patient with positive civilization – 0 In control group no. of female patient with positive civilization – 3 Percentage – 12.00 % Many surveies have found that the commonest being doing symptomless bacteriuria is E. coli 40 % , and gram negative B made up 66.7 % of the isolates. Relatively in the present survey, the common being is E.coli ( 57.14 % ) . Other beings isolated include Klebsiella ( 33.33 % ) Enterococci ( 4.76 % ) , Proteus ( 2.38 % ) , acinetobacter ( 2.38 % ) . Bacteriuria appears to hold no relation to increasing age. In the present survey symptomless bacteriuria occurred in all age groups. About 55 % of civilization positive causes are in the age group of 41-60 old ages. Bacteruria is common among aged life in non- instituitional community scenes, particularly among adult females, although non every bit common as among the aged in institutional scenes [ 16 ] . The feeling that true bacteruria in the diabetic is chiefly confined to aged diabetic adult females. Furthermore, the prevalence of bacteriuria among them was significantly greater than that of aged non diabetic females [ 22 ] . Contaminated piss is defined as the presence of at least 3 different micro-organisms in 1 urine specimen. [ 4 ] The prevalence of ASB is increased in adult females with diabetes [ 26 % vs 6 % ] and might be added to the list of diabetic complications in adult females [ 4 ] . Longer the continuance of diabetes with the presence of complications apparently increases the hazard of ASB in type 1 diabetic adult females [ 4 ] . The rate of ASB is non influenced by quality of diabetic control [ glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting glucose degree ] or nephritic map [ 40 ] . Longer continuance of diabetes, but non glucose control, is associated with bacteriuria prevalence. A statistically important longer diabetes continuance was found for diabetic topics with bacteriuria than without. Prevalence of bacteriuria additions 1.9 – crease times in every 10 old ages continuance of diabetes. However, there was no association between long – term glucose control, as reflected by glycosylated hemoglobin degree, and bacteriuria prevalence [ 34 ] . Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common, particularly in functionally impaired aged patients with multiple medical morbidities. If symptoms or marks of infections are absent testing with everyday dipstick and subsequent antimicrobic intervention is neither recommended. Early acknowledgment and direction of assorted hazard factors of ASB is really of import to potentially cut down its happening [ 6 ] . Sing all results there is no benefit of testing for and intervention of bacteriuria [ 7 ] . It is hard to turn out that ASB is more frequent among adult females with diabetes than among those without diabetes [ 8,12 ] . Prevalence of ASB is about three times higher in patients with diabetes when compared with the control subjects [ 11 ] . Prevalence of bacteriuria was 4.4 times higher among diabetic than non diabetic topics [ 23 ] . The prevalence of ASB among patients with diabetes is higher than in an seemingly healthy group [ 24 ] . The prevalence of bacteriuria in diabetic adult females is 7 % to 13 % , approximately three times higher than not diabetic adult females [ 28 ] . ASB is improbable to be a effect of hapless control of diabetes [ 11 ] . Damage of metabolic control of diabetes as revealed by an addition in HbA1c degree increases the hazard of developing ASB [ 8 ] . Duration of diabetes, high HbA1c degree, glucosuria and pyuria are risk factors for ASB in patients with type 2 diabetes. E.coli and K.pneumoniae are the most often stray bacteriums in diabetes patients with ASB. Routine urine civilization might be recommended in diabetic patients who show no urinary symptoms but who have one or more of the hazard factors mentioned [ 42 ] . The prevalence of ASB and leukocyturia ( A ; gt ; 5 cells / high power field ) was higher in kids and immature grownups with diabetes than those of control topics and the spectrum of bacteriums in ASB was different from the usual spectrum of UTI. There was a inclination in the diminution in nephritic map in type 1 diabetic adult females who had ASB [ 44 ] . Asymptomatic urinary infection can non with certainty be correlated with increasing continuance of diabetes. The prevalence rate of symptomless bacteriuria increased with longer continuance of diabetes. In the present survey 30 % of positive civilization instances had diabetes for 1-3yrs continuance. Another 24 % instances had diabetes for 5 to 10 year. continuance. Even 33.33 % of freshly detected diabetes patients had positive urine civilization. Any patient with diabetes can hold symptomless bacteriuria irrespective of their continuance of disease. The prevalence of symptomless bacteriuria is non affected by steps of glucose control. In the present survey 40 % civilization positive instances had random blood sugar value in the scope of 201 to 250 milligram % . Another 24 % had in the scope of 151 to 200 % . 15 % patients had in the scope of 251 to 300 % . The determination that quality of diabetic control does non impact the prevalence of symptomless bacteriuria is confirmed. The prevalence of symptomless bacteriuria additions as diabetic retinopathy becomes more terrible [ 33 ] , 2 instances of diabetic retinopathy are civilization positive in the present survey. Of the 6 patients with diabetic nephropathy 4 instances are civilization positive. A instances of diabetic pes in present survey non had any urinary piece of land infection. Of the 4 instances with ischaemic bosom disease, 2 instances are civilization positive. Certain surveies found that isolates were ill sensitive to on a regular basis available antibiotics – Achromycins ( 33 % sensitive ) , cotrimaxazole ( 33 % sensitive ) . Other disinfectants with over 80 % sensitiveness degree included aminoglycosides, nitrofurantoin, 3rd coevals cepholosporins and fluroquinolones. All the beings that are grown in civilization in the present survey are immune to normally used antibiotics like Achromycins, cotrimaxazole, and nalidixic acid. Almost all isolates are sensitive to quinolone group of drugs. Some are sensitive to aminoglycosides. Most of them were sensitive to nitrofurantoin. Some of them were even immune to nitrofurantoin and 3rd coevals Mefoxins. Some of them were merely sensitive to drawn-out spectrum ?-lactam antibiotic. No benefit was idenitified in continued showing and intervention of symptomless bacteriuria. Antimicrobial therapy cleared bacteriuria in the short term, but did non diminish the Numberss of diagnostic episodes and hospitalizations during long term follow up, and the high rate of recurrent bacteriuria led to markedly increased usage of antimicrobic agents. Increasing antimicrobic opposition is a major concern [ 13 ] . Antimicrobial direction of urinary piece of land infection in diabetic adult females should concentrate on the prompt designation and effectual intervention of diagnostic episodes [ 13 ] . Isolated E.coli strains were immune at similar rates to ampicillin, cotrimoxozole, Cipro and Macrodantin in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Hence diabetes mellitus could non considered per se a hazard factor for the outgrowth of a non E.coli being and for antibiotic opposition [ 43 ] . Diabetes has a considerable public wellness impact on the hazard for and forecast of enterobacterial bacteriemia acquired in the community [ 45 ] . Screening for or intervention for ASB is non indicated in adult females with diabetes and intervention with antibiotics did non detain nor diminish the frequence of diagnostic UTI untill 3years of follow up [ 10 ] . The clinical significance and direction of ASB differs harmonizing to different groups of patients as listed below [ 36 ] Indications for the intervention of patients with symptomless bacteriuria Definitive Possible Not indicated Pregnancy Diabetess mellitus elderly Before an invasive GU process Short- term Indwelling catheterisation Intermittent catheterisation School misss and premenopausal adult females Children with reflux Renal graft Long term indwelling catheter Patients with unnatural urinary piece of land In most of the old surveies E.coli was the most prevailing micro-organism and klebsiella the 2nd most common [ 12 ] . Analyzing the diabetic adult females with ASB showed that diverse E.coli strains are capable to be colonized in piss. Perennial infections were common chiefly after handling ASB most often with a new E.coli strain [ 14 ] . In patients who had frequent E.coli causation ASB, repeated intervention did non decide the vesica infection [ 14 ] . When compared to non diabetics ASB is more prevailing among females with type 2 diabetics in Sagamu, Nigeria [ 35 ] . Womans with ASB had a significantly higher opportunity of developing a diagnostic UTI than not bacteriuric adult females [ 41 ] There is an increased susceptibleness to urinary piece of land infections in female diabetics above the age of 50, and diabetes likely in association with ripening, accentuates factors which allow the constitution of infection in non diabetic individuals instead than specially predisposing the kidney to infection [ 37 ] . Guidelines published by the IDSA in 2005 province that there is no mensurable benefit in testing or handling ASB in the undermentioned patients: diabetic patients, premenopausal adult females who are non pregnant, older patients populating in the community and in the long term attention installations, and with spinal cord hurt patients or patients with indwelling vesica catheters [ 31 ] . Screening and handling is appropriate for adult females during gestation and for patients who have a positive urine civilization consequence prior to surgical use of the urinary piece of land to avoid precipitating sepsis [ 31 ] . In the past diabetes mellitus was regarded as a status in which ASB predisposed to renal papillose mortification and nephritic inadequacy but recent retrospective and prospective surveies indicate that does non transport a nephritic hazard. Therefore the possible benefit from antibacterial intervention of ASB is dubious. However we emphasize that one time diagnostic urinary piece of land infection is present, it tends to run a more aggressive clinical class in the diabetic patient [ 40 ] . From all the surveies, past attacks to direction differed between U.S and European doctors. In the U.S. , intervention of bacteriuria was recommended whereas in Europe, bacteriuria is non treated. Even if diabetic adult females with symptomless bacteriuria are at hazard for diagnostic urinary infection, the overall cost benefit of testing and handling big Numberss of symptomless diabetic adult females at frequent intervals was in the demand to be evaluated. The inquiries were complex and broad -ranging. There was a demand to construct the current clinical observations and prevalence studies to make a foundation of cognition that is sufficient for developing rational and appropriate attack for caring for diabetic patient who has a urinary infection [ 3 ] . Long term follow up surveies will demo whether ASB becomes diagnostic and affects nephritic map in diabetic patients and whether intervention of ASB is warranted [ 4 ] . Recently [ IDSA ] Infectitious Disease Society of America came out with a guidelines in the twelvemonth 2005 for diabetic adult females follows as Diabetic Womans Many prospective and cohort surveies done in diabetic adult females for ASB which was followed up for 18 months to 14years of showed no differences in rates of occurence diagnostic urinary infection, patterned advance to diabetic complications.There was no hold, lessening in urinary infections nor the no of hospitalizations in persons with bacteriuria after 3 old ages of follow up was clearly proved by a randomized, controlled test for bacteriuria reported after a upper limit of 3 old ages of follow-up. There was no acceleration or patterned advance of diabetic complications like nephropathy etc. , in bacteriuric patients who did non have antimicrobic therapy. However, diabetic adult females who received antimicrobic therapy had significantly more inauspicious antimicrobic effects. Thus continued testing and handling symptomless bacteriuria in diabetic adult females ne’er showed any benefits and there was even grounds of some injury due antibiotic use. Recommendatio: Screening and intervention of symptomless bacteriuria in diabetic adult females is non indicated ( A-I ) . The guidelines besides mention that antimicrobic therapy is frequently unsuccessful in eliminating the micro-organisms and may, in fact, consequence in occurence of immune micro-organisms, such as drawn-out spectrum ?-lactamase immune bacteriums, vancomycin – immune enterococci, and other multidrug-resistant bacteriums. In add-on, intervention of patients will subject them to the hazard of an allergic reaction, diarrhea, and other inauspicious reactions ensuing from usage of the antimicrobic drug. Finally, clostridia difficile infection may develop, because the intestine vegetation is altered when handling ASB [ 31 ] . Endothelial disfunction, oxidative emphasis, and the increased formation of advanced terminal merchandises, lower urinary cytokine concentration and hence decreased urinary leucocyte Numberss compared with nondiabetic adult females may play a function in the development of diabetic complications [ 4 ] . Defective polymorphonuclear leucocyte maps [ opsonization, chemotaxis, phagocytosis and killing ] are possible conducive factors. Changes of bacterial adhesion to uroepithelial cells, partially explained by alterations of the chemical science and concentration of Tamm-Horsfall protein besides promote urinary – piece of land infection [ 24 ] . The vesica disfunction due to diabetic neuropathy taking to impaired vesica elimination could play a function in the prevalence of ASB among adult females with diabetes and in the natural history of UTI [ 8,28 ] . Clinical tests covering with the intervention of symptomless bacteriuria in diabetes are limited. The undermentioned decisions can be made from these tests. Frequent reinfections occur instead than backslidings. Long term suppressive therapy is effectual, nevertheless when discontinued, perennial infections occur comparatively quickly. Few patients sustain a permanent remittal from bacteriuria. Trying obliteration of bacteriuria in patients with anatomic abnormalcies may be ineffectual. Therefore, there are no benefits in continued showing and handling diabetic persons with symptomless bacteriuria and as there is possibility of some injury with antibiotic overusage. Restrictions: In this survey we could’nt step HbA1c for all the patients as it was non executable and so could’nt assess the relationship between glucose degrees and symptomless bacteriuria. We besides have no thought whether there would be any opportunity of development of complications in the persons diagnosed with symptomless bacteriuria as this is non a follow up survey. Hence measuring of HbA1c degrees and a follow up of these civilization positive patients would give a better apprehension in the relationship between glucose degrees and asmptomatic bacteriuria and the presence or absence of complications in civilization positive patients. Summary There is a high incidence of symptomless bacteruria in diabetes patients, chiefly in females than males in this survey. Therefore, there are 2 subjects to inquiry, whether symptomless bacteriuria is associated with inauspicious results. ? , whether the intercessions of showing and antimicrobic intervention better these results? The inquiries whether they develop complications or non and whether antibiotic therapy is needed or non necessitate to be assessed by farther follow up surveies. However latest guidelines suggest that antimicrobic therapy did non detain nor diminish the frequence of diagnostic urinary infection, nor did it diminish the figure of hospitalizations due to urinary infections nor it prevented the acceleration of patterned advance of diabetic complications, therefore periodic proving for symptomless bacteriuria is non recommended for individuals with diabetes mellitus. Decision Based on the consequences and the methodological analysis employed, we have concluded that: High incidence of symptomless bacteriuria has been observed in both diabetic males and females. High incidence of symptomless bacteriuria occur in both diabetes mellitus on insulin and unwritten hypoglycaemic agents. Causative beings in diabetic and non diabetic symptomless bacteriuria are similar. E.coli is the commonest being. Most of the symptomless bacteriuria instances occurred in the age group of 41 to 60 old ages. Asymptomatic bacteriuria occur inspite of good glycemic control. . Preventive steps for diabetic patients include increased surveillance and turning away of well-known hazard factors for urinary piece of land infections. Asymptomatic bacteriuria can be present even in freshly diagnosed diabetic patients. Most of the being are sensitive to nitrofurantoin. Some are sensitive to aminoglycosides, fluroquinolones. Some beings are merely sensitive to drawn-out spectrum ?-lactam antibiotics. Periodic proving for symptomless bacteriuria is non recommended for individuals with diabetes mellitus as per latest guidelines. Abstraction Aim: To analyze the incidence of symptomless bacteruria between diabetics and non diabetics, the common beings and their antibiotic sensitiveness Methods: A sum of 100 diabetic patients and 50 non diabetic controls without any history of urinary piece of land infection and catheterization was enrolled in this survey Consequences: The incidence of ASB was 39 in diabetic and 3 in control with the significance of P A ; lt ; 0.001. Diabetic patients have 11.34 times higher hazard in developing symptomless bacteriuria than non diabetics. Decision: The incidence of ASB is significantly increased in diabetic patients as compared to non diabetic controls.A larger survey with a longer follow-up is needed to turn to the issue of handling such patients who are symptomless How to cite The Diagnosing Diabetes Mellitus Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Simile and metaphor Essay Example

Simile and metaphor Paper The speakers anger is a central to the whole poem. In stanza two Afrika achieves a shocking intensity by his line arrangement and repetition. The repetition of and(12-15) gives the impression of deep familiarity with the bureaucratic sounding District Six (9) and we can understand the sentiment amiable weeds(8) more clearly. The listing effect establishes a rhythm and a pattern, which the reader anticipates. This means that when and(15) turns into anger(16) it comes as a shock. The stanza also concentrates on the sensitive parts of his body, skinlungseyes(13-16) all, which are subject and vulnerable to hurt. Anger is also associated closely with heat and fire. It is the hotanger of his eyes(15-16); the sign of the restaurant is flaring(18) and his hands burn(45). The image of glass(17, 30, 41, 47) is very important in the poem (the word appears four times) as well as a reference to clear panes(28). It is glass which shuts out the speaker in the poem. It is a symbol of the inequality between whites and blacks, rich and poor. The glass symbolises the exclusion of the blacks from the whites world. But in the glass as well as looking in on outside, one can also see a reflection of oneself. The glass acting as a mirror means that it brings about a double traumatic experience . The speaker sees the standard of living that he has, the stains of bunny chow on his jeans, but he also sees the higher standard of living being enjoyed by his (now) equal countrymen. It is this injustice, which causes the speaker to yearn, for a stone, a bomb, to shiver down the glass(46-47). It is not the actual glass that he wants to smash; it is the racist mentality of those in power that he wants to shatter. We will write a custom essay sample on Simile and metaphor specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Simile and metaphor specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Simile and metaphor specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The poems title and last line suggests, Nothings changed(48). The speakers familiarity with this environment has not changed. Although there is no sign there, the poet can feel that he is in District Six, my feet know/and my hands.(11-12) The gap in the standard of living has not shortened between the black and white people. There is still that element of exclusivity, no sign says it(25) as the apartheid is over, but there is a guard at the gatepost(23). The poet still feels the anger and violent rage towards those that exclude him. The title in this sense is ironic, physically everything has changed, the Port Jackson trees(21) threaten to take over and there is new restaurant whose patrons are exclusively white. However deep down the important matters and worthwhile changes have not taken place. This leads to a sense of disappointment because an expected change has not happened. District Six has changed, but the speakers feelings have not because the new South Africa operates apartheid based on wealth. The poet reflects that despite the changing political situation, there are still huge inequalities between blacks and whites. The poem is a protest about the injustices of a system that allowed apartheid in the first place, but now does so little to improve the lives of the non-whites. Those in powerful and influential positions resist progress and deny justice to the common people. The title, Inglan is a Bitch is repeated as a refrain throughout the poem. The word bitch has many connotations, all of which are negative, so straight from the beginning the reader can intelligently guess that the poem criticises England. Black immigrants were brought to England to help alleviate the labour force after the Second World War; it was labelled as a country of many opportunities, a promise that turned out to be false. Literally a bitch is a female dog and they are noted for their hardworking nature. This could signify that in order to survive in England you have to be diligent also. In Linton Kwesi Johnsons, Inglan is a Bitch the narrator is black immigrant worker, who describes his work history in England. He has worked in the andahgroun(2); has had a lickle jab in a big otell(11) and in a crockery factory. All his jobs have been hard labour and menial work even at the age of fifty-five(42). He tells the reader that he was doing well while he was working as a dish-washa(11). This type of employment is quite unskilled and a job that most white Britons would consider beneath them. The poem dispels the myth that England has good economic prospects for everyone. Not only are the immigrants working very hard for a lickle wage packit(17), they are forced to pay high taxes also. (Employment) In the 1950s and 1960s people from the Caribbean migrated to Britain in relatively large numbers. Most of these settled in cities, especially in the large English cities, and in most of these communities people from Jamaica were more numerous than people from other parts of the Caribbean. Although the Caribbean is made up of many different islands and mainland territories, including many where an English Creole is not spoken, British Black English is most similar to Jamaican Creole, because of the larger number of Jamaicans who settled in this country. (Sebba, Creole English and Black English) The most striking element of this poem I felt was the sound of the poem. Written in a Street Creole variety of dialect it forces the reader to read the poem with a different tongue; London is written as Landan(1). However this may also cause a problem with communication. It is hard in some sections to decipher what the poet is actually trying to say. A language barrier is formed. The tone of the poem is conversational, but it also has a musical, song-like quality. The rhyme scheme, rhythm and the beat all contribute to this Caribbean musical quality. There is also a refrain or in the context of a song, a chorus. The aural nature of the poem functions as a mirror for cultural identity. The style and speech represents Jamaica, but the context is in England. The refrains in the poem are very interesting, deres no escapin it(5) is repeated in every other stanza along with Inglan is a Bitch. The speaker wants to escape, but cannot. The tone is resigned and there is not much hope. Because he has lived in England, he cannot even go back. This could be due to a fused identity and now he does not fit in either culture. noh baddah try fi hide fram it(16) The poet feels oppressed and has accepted defeat. The discrimination is ever-present. This next line is important, a noh lie mi a tell, a true(24) the speaker explains to the reader that he is not moaning or exaggerating, but is giving a accurate representation of his problems. yu haffi know how fi suvvive in it(32) The verb used is survive, a harsher substitute for live. The speaker explains that life is not easy and the basics are hard to come by. yu bettah face up to it(40) echoing line 16 the speaker tells us and tells himself to just accept the hardship. There is no point in denying or trying to change something more powerful. He has no options, as no one will even listen to his problems. This is why he is writing the poem, hoping this medium will reach out to those who can help him and understand his despair. is whey wi a goh dhu bout it?(56) The last line seems to invert the vibe given out in the lines above. There is a positive emphasis as the speaker asserts this question to his audience, who may be influential black people or sympathetic white people. The wi (we) is also only seen in the last line. It signifies collectiveness and unity for a particular purpose. On his own he is nothing, but through his poetry he may find people in similar predicaments and together they can bring about a change. Ending the poem with a question means that the poet is leaving the reader to make up his mind on the situation. The poem as well as reflecting the cultural identity of the black immigrants in England, also creates a mirror for national identity. It depicts to those in power what the condition of the Afro-Caribbean contingent is. It is sweet and glorious to die for your country. This is the full translation of the phrase Dulce et decorum est Pro patria mori. Which comes from Dulce Et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen. The title of the poem is ironic. The poem does not so much induce pity as it does shock, especially for the civilians at home who believed war was noble and glorious. Owens war poems are for civilians to make audible to them the authentic experiences of the arm. (Kerr, p.219) The soldiers are trudging back from the battle, a daunting depiction expressed through simile and metaphor. The mens wretched condition is compared to old beggars(1), hags(2). The young men have grown unnaturally old and decrepit (Kerr, p.276). They cannot walk straight as their blood-shod(6) try to negotiate the mud. The words that Owen uses have different meanings beyond the real meaning and exploit ambiguity, for example, distant rest(4), what kind of rest? In line 8 the rhythm slackens as a particularly dramatic moment approaches.

Communication in Organizational Setting essays

Communication in Organizational Setting essays One particular thing forms the foundation of all our work, is the glue that holds our efforts together, and is a necessary ingredient for our success. That one thing is trust. The role of trust is fairly easy to describe, and its contribution toward an organizations efforts can be easy to identify. Yet, trust remains one of the more elusive elements of organizational management. Therefore, change within an organization has to be fueled by trust. For some people change means uncertainty and skepticism. According to Richmond and McCroskey, People resist change for numerous reasons. Probably the most significant reason people resist change is that they are fearful that their position or status in the organization might change for the worse...The possibility of making things significantly better is not worth the risk of making them significantly worse. For others, change can be looked upon as influential and beneficial. These people are classified as bridges. A bridge is an individual who links two or more cliques in a system from his or her position as a member of one of the cliques. Bridges play a vital part in incorporating change within an organization because of their communication connections and influence within their primary circle. This is an individual who should be sought out to assist with introducing a change or diffusion of an innovation. If a bridge can be influenced to accept a change, then he or she might persuade the primary group and possibly influence other groups in a positive manner about change. When there is a need for effective change; concurrently, there is a need for effective leadership. As stated in Take It From The Top, Never is leadership more sought after than in times of change and uncertainty. Effective change leadership is the key to shifting peoples perceptions from seeing change as a threat to seeing it is ...

Operation Catapult at Mers El Kebir (World War II)

Operation Catapult at Mers El Kebir (World War II) The attack on the French fleet at Mers el Kebir took place on July 3, 1940, during World War II (1939-1945). Events Leading up to the Attack During the closing days of the Battle of France in 1940, and with the German victory all but assured, the British became increasingly worried about the disposition of the French fleet. The fourth largest navy in the world, the ships of the Marine Nationale possessed the potential to alter the naval war and threaten Britains supply lines across the Atlantic. Voicing these concerns to the French government, Prime Minister Winston Churchill was assured by Navy Minister Admiral Franà §ois Darlan that even in defeat, the fleet would be kept from the Germans. Unknown to either side was that Hitler had little interest in taking over the Marine Nationale, only ensuring that its ships were neutralized or interned â€Å"under German or Italian supervision.† This latter phrase was included in Article 8 of the Franco-German armistice. Misinterpreting the language of the document, the British believed that the Germans intended to take control of the French fleet. Based on this and a distrust of Hitler, the British War Cabinet decided on June 24 that any assurances provided under Article 8 should be disregarded. Fleets and Commanders During the Attack British Admiral Sir James Somerville2 battleships, 1 battlecruiser, 2 light cruisers, 1 aircraft carrier, 11 destroyers French Admiral Marcel-Bruno Gensoul2 battleships, 2 battlecruisers, 6 destroyers, 1 seaplane tender Operation Catapult At this point in time, the ships of the Marine Nationale were scattered in various ports. Two battleships, four cruisers, eight destroyers, and numerous smaller vessels were in Britain, while one battleship, four cruisers, and three destroyers were in port at Alexandria, Egypt. The largest concentration was anchored at Mers el Kebir and Oran, Algeria. This force, led by Admiral Marcel-Bruno Gensoul, consisted of the older battleships Bretagne and Provence, the new battlecruisers Dunkerque and Strasbourg, the seaplane tender Commandant Teste, as well as six destroyers. Moving forward with plans to neutralize the French fleet, the Royal Navy began Operation Catapult. This saw the boarding and capture of French ships in British ports on the night of July 3. While the French crews generally did not resist, three were killed on the submarine Surcouf. The bulk of the ships went on to serve with Free French forces later in the war. Of the French crews, the men were given the option to join the Free French or be repatriated across the Channel. With these ships seized, ultimatums were issued to the squadrons at Mers el Kebir and Alexandria. Ultimatum at Mers el Kebir To deal with Gensouls squadron, Churchill dispatched Force H from Gibraltar under the command of Admiral Sir James Somerville. He was instructed issue an ultimatum to Gensoul requesting that the French squadron do one of the following: Join the Royal Navy in continuing the war with GermanySail to a British port with reduced crews to be interned for the durationSail to the West Indies or the United States and remain there for the rest of the warScuttle their ships within six hoursIf Gensoul refused all four options, Somerville was instructed to destroy the French ships to prevent their capture by the Germans. A reluctant participant who did not wish to attack an ally, Somerville approached Mers el Kebir with a force consisting of the battlecruiser HMS Hood, the battleships HMS Valiant and HMS Resolution, the carrier HMS Ark Royal, two light cruisers, and 11 destroyers. On July 3, Somerville sent Captain Cedric Holland of Ark Royal, who spoke fluent French, into Mers el Kebir aboard the destroyer HMS Foxhound to present the terms to Gensoul. Holland was coldly received as Gensoul expected negotiations to be conducted by an officer of equal rank. As result, he sent his flag lieutenant, Bernard Dufay, to meet with Holland. Under orders to present the ultimatum directly to Gensoul, Holland was refused access and ordered to leave the harbor. Boarding a whaleboat for Foxhound, he made a successful dash to the French flagship, Dunkerque, and after additional delays were finally able to meet with the French admiral. Negotiations continued for two hours during which Gensoul ordered his ships to prepare for action. Tensions were further heightened as Ark Royals aircraft began dropping magnetic mines across the harbor channel as talks progressed. A Failure of Communication During the course of the talks, Gensoul shared his orders from Darlan which permitted him to scuttle the fleet or sail for America if a foreign power attempted to claim his ships. In a massive failure of communication, the full text of Somervilles ultimatum was not relayed to Darlan, including the option of sailing for the United States. As talks began to stalemate, Churchill was becoming increasingly impatient in London. Concerned that the French were stalling to allow reinforcements to arrive, he ordered Somerville to settle the matter at once. An Unfortunate Attack Responding to Churchills orders, Somerville radioed Gensoul at 5:26 PM that if one of the British proposals was not accepted within fifteen minutes he would attack. With this message Holland departed. Unwilling to negotiate under threat of enemy fire, Gensoul did not respond. Approaching the harbor, the ships of Force H opened fire at an extreme range approximately thirty minutes later. Despite the approximate similarity between the two forces, the French were not fully prepared for battle and anchored in a narrow harbor. The heavy British guns quickly found their targets with Dunkerque put out of action within four minutes. Bretagne was struck in a magazine and exploded, killing 977 of its crew. When the firing stopped, Bretagne had sunk, while Dunkerque, Provence, and the destroyer Mogador  were damaged and run aground. Only Strasbourg and a few destroyers succeeded in escaping the harbor. Fleeing at flank speed, they were ineffectively attacked by Ark Royals aircraft and briefly pursued by Force H. The French ships were able to reach Toulon the next day. Concerned that the damage to Dunkerque and Provence was minor, British aircraft attacked Mers el Kebir on July 6. In the raid, the patrol boat Terre-Neuve exploded near Dunkerque causing additional damage. Aftermath of Mers el Kebir To the east, Admiral Sir Andrew Cunningham was able to avoid a similar situation with the French ships at Alexandria. In hours of tense talks with Admiral Renà ©-Emile Godfroy, he was able to convince the French to allow their ships to be interned. In the fighting at Mers el Kebir, the French lost 1,297 killed and around 250 wounded, while the British incurred two killed. The attack badly strained Franco-British relations as did an attack on the battleship Richelieu at Dakar later that month. Though Somerville stated we all feel thoroughly ashamed, the attack was a signal to the international community that Britain intended to fight on alone. This was reinforced by its stand during the Battle of Britain later that summer. Dunkerque, Provence, and Mogador received temporary repairs and later sailed for Toulon. The threat of the French fleet ceased to be an issue when its officers scuttled its ships in 1942 to prevent their use by the Germans. Selected Sources HistoryNet: Operation CatapultHMS Hood.org: Operation Catapult

Institutional Developments of Congress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Institutional Developments of Congress - Essay Example Following various reforms and changes, newly developed committee systems for legislation were advanced where the majority party leaders played a significant role in determining the major agenda in most of the floor seating. Majority of the party leaders had diversified advantages over the others since they enjoyed more prerogatives, and their control of issues was firm and greater. In addition to these, some of the political figures presented a great chance by shaping and expanding the committees through their personal ambitions. For instance, The House Speaker, Henry Clay emphasized in the creation of at least one committee charged with the responsibility of strategizing on the house rule reforms. They also created a domineering force in enabling the formation of these committee members. These members were to oversee on the expenditure of the executive especially with the existence of a policy-making body whose main advantage was not only to initiate their own bill proposal but also to gain more property rights over legislation.Nevertheless, the party leadership was evidenced through the sharing of interest by the party members by unifying them and institutionalizing on Reed's rule which not only focused on the alleviation of high tariffs and voting rights enforcements but also limited the house debates. It made the speaker’s prominent house powers diminish hence having a centralized party leadership in both the House and the Senate ruled by either the Democrats or the Republicans.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 34

Case Study Example Additionally, he works with the government agencies in his attempt to formulate appropriate policies to contain the inhalation of the glue. The case study therefore investigates the effects of this neurotoxin in one of the street children as the author attempts to expose the daunting consequences of an innocent act by the street children. The work environment is an essential factor that affects the productivity of the employees in any given company. The case investigates cases in which employees of a uranium company work in deplorable conditions often exposed to the radioactive radiation of uranium. The case portrays gross disregards of the basic human rights as the management of the uranium company continues to expose its employees to the harmful radiations. Furthermore, the management of the company does this deliberately. Apparently, the management had done an exhaustive survey on the safety of the workplace thereby determining substantial leakages of the radiation. The files of such findings continue remain filed in the archives while the employees continue to labor in hazardous conditions. Sara goes to work in a foreign environment where she faces numerous challenges. In the case, Sara’s plight is one that millions of people working in foreign countries face. Sara faces numerous challenges key among which is sexual harassment owing to unique laws. The different forms of harassments include abusive colleagues who often made reference of her gender. Such inappropriate comments coupled with inappropriate gestures among many other forms of sexual harassment made her stay in the foreign countries difficult. Among the challenges that employees face include cultural differences which affects their ability to fit into the new society. This affects their productivity. The situation is worsened with the rising cases of xenophobia as the locals begin to target foreigners. Such aggressive attacks and acts of discrimination may result in the loss

Comparative Coverage of Women Issues in Elite Press

Comparative Coverage of Women Issues in Elite Press Comparative Coverage of women Issues in Elite Press of Pakistan, India Bangladesh Key Words: Mass Media, Print Media, portrayal, Women, Issues, treatment, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Elite Press, Visual, Textual, Analysis Introduction We are living in the twenty-first century and it is a heart-throbbing fact that still most of the sections of our society do not realize the importance of women in the socio-economic fabric. It would be deplorable if the status and the role of women were not appropriately perceived, since women are a part of society and share work and responsibility. Therefore, it is indispensable to upgrade the depiction of women and to strengthen the informational role of the media. Butt Mourion (1996) says that media are one of the modern ways to maintain and promote ideology and to relate it to the national needs, but also adds that to do this promotion, a grand number of projects and actions are required constantly by the state and the people as well. Media is playing vital role in dissemination of information, shaping and reshaping the perception and public views. The mass media have an essential role reporting wrong doing following up remedial action, mobilizing public opinion, brining about social change and highlighting positive developments. In fact, media and women issues coverage important topic in every era. The study is focused to analyze the visual and textual presentation of the women related news regarding social, economical and political issues in the elite press of major countries of South Asia which includes Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. The study is important because before partition of the subcontinent these three countries enjoyed the status of united India. So these countries are having similar roots sharing common norms, values and society. In this study researcher is going to analyze the women issues in major newspapers of Pakistan, India and Bangladesh which include topics of news stories, tone of covered news, location of news stories in newspaper and amount of space is given to news. Through these aspects researcher will analyze whether the print media portrayal women image positive, negative or neutrally Media The life styles, socialization patterns, participation levels, cultural boundaries, political maneuverings, religious manifestations, educational standards, social hierarchy, and images of society these all sectors that influence by the media content (Sharma, 2005). The media is a vehicle used to inform as well as entertain the public. The media is a carrier of information, ideas, thoughts and opinions. It is a powerful force in influencing people perceptions on a variety of issues. Print media is oldest medium that educate, inform and entertain the people. In modern society is mass media responsible for construction and consumption of social knowledge and their meanings that use people make a sense abut world and act as social reality accordingly. Print media plays an important role in influencing public opinions and setting agenda for what is constructed as news. The print media which include newspapers, periodicals, newsletters and other channels are relied upon by the people as c redible source of information, education and entertainment. The print media are known for fearless criticism and service. The print media or newspaper is consists of current affairs news, articles, features, advertising. Newspaper normally publishes stories on local, national and international politics issues, entertainment, society, business, technology, education, agriculture, sports etc. Also editorials, columns and letter to editors on current issues publish in newspaper on particular pages. Print media started in these three countries with the Independence Day but some news papers were running before the partition such as Dawn, Nawa I Waqt and Jang (Pakistan) The Hindustan Times, The Times of India and Dainik Jagran (India) and The Daily Star. Women Women are an integral part of our society, and cannot be ignored due to less power and authority. They are created using the need for men and men, presenting them with a companion in the course of life. Although women are significantly in all areas of life, the long list of people in the treatment seems to be never ending. There is no denying the fact that in todays society, where women are still mostly male, is dominated by pine from the inferior place to put side-by-side with men because of social and stick are typically held social values. In fact, womens position in any of the countries varies according to the categories, regions, and rural and urban distribution unequal socio-economic development and the impact of tribal, feudal, and capitalist social formations on womens lives. Today Pakistani women have a better position than most of other Muslim women. However, on an average, the womens situation vis-Ã  -vis men are one of systemicgender subordination. However, awareness among Pakistani women to expand the educational opportunities increased from past few years. According to the United Nations development index, Pakistani women are better in gender equality, as women in India and Bangladesh. However women condition in India is worst as compared to other development countries majority of Indian population consist of female. Today average female life expectancy today in India in contrast to many others countries is below the standard line (Nautiyal Dabral, 2012). Majority of women deprived the basic facility of life such as food, health and education in India and also socially women life in India very terrible. Indian society gives the more dominancy and importance to male in any walk of life as well as male social development. The status of women in Bangladesh is defined as an ongoing gender battle, the prevailing political tide, who favors restricting the rights of women in the Islamic patriarchal patterns, and activism. The Bangladesh socio-cultural environment provides comprehensive gender inequity so that girls and women face many obstacles in their development. The girls are often considered the financial burden on the family, and since birth, they receive less investment in health, health care and education (UNICEF, 2007). In Bangladesh, women have made huge gains since the country gained independence in 1971. In the past four decades have seen increased political influence for women, better employment prospects, improving training and new laws protect their rights. Many of the women working in the States and other key positions but in issues like family violence, acid burning and rape are still persist. Media and Women The media portrayal both positive as well as negative issues of women as well as a powerful mechanism. Although the media has played an important role in highlighting womens issues, it has also had negative impact, in terms of perpetrating violence against women through pornography and images of women as a female body that can be bought and sold. (Sharma, 2005) the trend is increasing in media to represent women as victims are more alarming. Media reflects in its content the pattern of value in any society. According to (Sharma, 2005) for the purpose of promoting and disseminating information media play an important role and also it is main role in development of women in social and economic sectors. The way subjects dealing with women are treated indicated to a great extent the prevailing attitude of the society towards women. Everywhere the potential exists for the media to make a far greater contribution to the advancement of women. More women are involved in careers in the commun ications sector, but few have attained positions at the decision-making level or serve on governing boards and bodies that influence media policy. Womens appearance in sensational news stories such as glamour, sex, domestic violence and other forms of violence are still prominent (Nautiyal Dabral, 2012). Portrayal of women in the media is mostly unfair and imbalanced. They are under-represented which falsely implies that men are the cultural standard and women’s role in the social life is unimportant or negligible. Women are portrayed stereotypically that reflect and sustain socially endorsed views of gender. Their presentation in the media does not conform to their real role in the society. According to Patel (1995) the mainstream media like print more highlight the women physical body image side by side along stereotyped sexist images and the back page pin ups. She observed that one of the reasons for projection of patriarchal image of the society is disproportionate number of men in the key positions in media. As to the qualitative aspect of portrayal of women in the media that they are generally portrayed as unthinking, dependent and submissive beings with reproduction as their fundamental role. Women are either portrayed as ideal or deviant. Their real life feelings and b ehaviors are rarely depicted on screen. She is shown more in fantasy roles than her real life. Common woman in the society finds it hard to relate herself to the depiction of females in the media. The negative portrayal of women in the media not only does not correspond with the reality but also leads to promote unhealthy and harmful traits among the public. Statement of the Problem Press is prognostic the women in a totally immoral way according to society values in news. While these types of news became the sources of spreading obscenity, western style, trends and personalities are being highlighted quite indecently. The news about scandals, rapes, pregnancy, fashion shows, show-biz and private matters of wife and husband are being over played instead of the women development and social progress. The photographs related to these news are nude, and below the standards of morality. Newspapers are more focusing the sexual crimes are being highlighted in which women are badly humiliated. In fact, film stars and celebrities’ news are being accommodated as commodities. Hypothesis Whether or not Pakistani, Indian and Bangladesh press portray women as commodities? Whether or not Pakistani, Indian and Bangladesh press treating women issues in real sense and focusing social development? Whether or not Pakistani, Indian and Bangladesh press portray women issues as sensational news? Objectives of the Study The objectives of this research, which can be specified on the spot to find the answer the following questions as below: To analyze representation of women in selected newspaper of Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. To examine the quality of the women related news published in selected newspapers. To find out the selected issues related to women that are discussed subject matter or not. To understand whether or not women related news are treated as traditional approach in selected newspapers. To check the nature/style of news related to women issues in selected newspapers. To understand print media reporting patterns are favorable/ unfavorable towards women Printmediaportraystereotypicalimageof womeninnewsstories Nautiyal Dabral (2012) The journals are mostly qualified for modern society and could be said to be positively harmful to the development of women as conscious individuals aware of themselves and aware of the society around them. If a woman wins a beauty contest, magazines or newspapers in particular give much importance to the news and even take her photographs on cover page but, at the same time if a woman gets the Nobel Prize she gets limited coverage. Here the difference of judgment in womens issues is quite marked in our media. Similarly the daily newspapers rarely put womens news and their development. Rather they prefer reporting on rape, atrocities, crime, sexual harassment and abuse of women prominently in their columns. UNICEF, State of the World’s Children: The Double Dividend of Gender Equality, 2007 Mariam S. Pal (2000).Women in Pakistan: Country Briefing Paper. Asian Development Bank.ISBN971-561-297-0. Pakistan: Status of Women the Womens Movement. Womenshistory.about.com. 28 July 2001. Retrieved 2012-01-24. Women Education in Pakistan. Pakcitizen.com. 17 December 2011. Retrieved 2012-01-24. http://hdrstats.undp.org/images/explanations/pak.pdf Jump up^http://tribune.com.pk/story/521279/pakistan-better-than-india-on-undp-gender-inequality-index/

Women in Sons and Lovers

Sons and Lovers, published in 1913, is D. H. Lawrence's third novel. It was his first successful novel and arguably his most popular. Many of the details of the novel's plot are based on Lawrence's own life and, unlike his subsequent novels, this one is relatively straightforward in its descriptions and action. D. H. Lawrence has been always criticized for the content of his novel and his characters. Sons and Lovers is another novel which was even banned for years because of its explicit indications to sexual intercourse and the complex and complicated relationship of mother and sons.Society has a certain code fixed for a mother but Lawrence attempted to portray the mother figure in a quite different way. In fact, Lawrence puts question that to what extent a mother should care for her children and shows what happens if a mother becomes wife-submissive through the character of Gertrude Morel who is also known as Mrs. Morel. This paper would attempt to explore the character of Mrs. Mor el through the feminist point of view. Before discussing Mrs. Morel’s character through the magnifying glass of feminism, it is needed to focus what does feminism means and what does the feminist criticism deal with.The most straightforward definition of feminism says that is a movement for social, cultural, political and economic equality of men and women. It is a campaign against gender inequalities and it strives for equal rights for women. Feminism can be also defined as the right to enough information available to every single woman so that she can make a choice to live a life which is not discriminatory and which works within the principles of social, cultural, political and economic equality and independence.It is in fact a global struggle for gender equality and end of gender based discriminatory practices against women. Feminism is also related to men in the sense that all gender based equality is in fact a balance between the male and female with the intention of li berating the individual. In that sense the definition of feminism also includes all movements and campaigns that target men and boys for gender sensitization with a goal to end gender based discriminatory practices and achieve gender based equality. Feminist literary criticism is the critical analysis of literary works ased on the feminist perspective. In particular, feminist literary critics tend to reject the patriarchal norms of literature that privileges masculine ways of thinking/points of view and marginalizes women politically, economically and psychologically. Some critics find that feminist criticism makes space for and listens to women's voices previously muted or drowned out by dominant patriarchal literary-critical practices. In other words, what the text leaves out says much about the writer, literature in general, and society as a whole.By using this â€Å"hermeneutics of suspicion† literary critics hope to reveal how women are marginalized in the language of li terature. Now, in Sons and Lovers, Mrs. Morel is portrayed as the victim of the patriarchal society and the stones in Paul’s life road to success, to some extent. This paper would try to avoid the normal literary criticism to Sons and Lovers, and rather would focus on the analysis of the three tragic women through feminine position, and specially would explore how Lawrence has portrayed Mrs.Morel with all the issues of female essence (differance). Mrs. Morel, who came from a little capitalist class, aloof and cultured, is a woman of knowledge of a Victorian woman but her character can be read from Marxist-Feminist point of view. From very young, she has been struggling against patriarch, fighting for her existence and for women’s rights, longing to become an authoritative, independent and responsible man. As the England industrial atmosphere came, in the man-centered family, her husband treated her sadistically, Mrs.Morel naturally constitute an alliance with her sons to live, she taught them to change their social position and entered the middleclass, through knowledge and will, the children became Mrs. Morel’s tools to make her dream and ambition come true. But all these just paint deep tragic color to Mrs. Morel. Because Mrs. Morel chose the rood to setting up a union with her son to become hermaphrodite didn’t come true. She put her children in her bosom, cast her own dream and life outlook on her children, hoped to fill in her emotion empty because she is a wife-submissive.Although this abnormal maternal lieu helped her sons become outstanding, hold back free growth of individuality, cause their thought variant and their personality split. Mrs. Morel’s existence is the only support to Paul’s life road to become an artist. Through loving his mother, Paul tried to find man’s rights even in sleep. She should be responsible for this abnormal love, no matter what position she held in her sons’ growth, she got only the colored utilizable repay, she didn’t fulfill her emotion’s need, and this is her very most tragic thing.But this is just a simple summary of the whole novel and there are more left for discussion. D. H. Lawrence believed in male supremacy and that is why he wrote that â€Å"as a matter of fact unless a woman is held by man, safe within the bounds of belief, she becomes inevitably a destructive force†. Simone de Beauvoir terms this attitude â€Å"bourgeois conception† and states that Lawrence rediscovers this conception that woman should subordinate her existence to that of man. Thus, Lawrence can be regarded as an anti-feminist.An anti-feminist writing is not only satirical in tone but it represents women nature intended to conform her to male expectations and tries to decide what she ought to be and what is not her own. Mrs. Morel is presented by Lawrence as a proud woman as she came from an old burgher family and that made her pay higher r ent to the landlord which is a way of showing off superiority over other miners’ families. Lawrence defines it as â€Å"a kind of aristocracy†. Mrs. Morel did not take Walter’s earnings into account while they got married but after the marriage it became a huge issue for her.She could not accept it that her husband was not a gentleman rather he is a miner and ultimately, this became the reason of failure of their marriage life. Though she married Walter knowingly that he earns a little but after a certain period of time, she started hating her husband for being a miner and for not having a respected job. In the first half, Mrs. Morel is shown with sympathy to be the victim of a brutal husband and of an economic system that oppresses her. Later she becomes the over-possessive mother shifting her growing children and thwarting their natural development towards the independence of adulthood.It can be said that Mrs. Morel became too much authoritative because of her ‘penis envy’. She knew that though she came from a burgher family, still she is bound to obey Mr. Morel as he is the head of the family according to the patriarchal society. Apart from the issue of penis envy, Lawrence presented the relationship between man and series of female stereotypes. The mother’s disappointment with the father leads to the transfer of her deepest feelings from him to her offspring and particularly, the male offspring, whom, unconsciously she begins to treat as substitutes for her husband.The mother who has poured her love into her son instead of giving it to her husband does seem, in Lawrence’s own cherished meaning of the phrase, ‘wife-submissive’. But at the same time, that phrase is a give-away. It sounds an old familiar note. Here is the mother being wife-submissive to her son, says the exasperated voice of Lawrence, when she ought to be preciously that to her husband – a simple case of misdirected energy. I t has not been simply misdirected, but distorted as well.The woman does not feel now, for the first time, as a true wife might feel, nor does the son find her love quite so wonderful as all that. Sexual frustration inevitably follows, and this is excellently diagnosed in Sons and Lovers. His mother is far closer to him; she clings to him jealously, fighting against the younger woman’s power, and succeeding in holding the pair apart. Paul wants to marry Miriam but Mrs. Morel resists because she wants Paul â€Å"to marry a lady†. Apart from Paul, she also does the same thing for William. She wants William to be a gentleman unlike his father.Her possessiveness becomes clearer when a girl comes to meet William and Mrs. Morel replies â€Å"I don’t approve of the girls my son meets at dances. † In this novel, D. H. Lawrence has portrayed women, Specially Mrs. Morel with all he weaknesses (female essence) like nagging, orienting the children against their father , making the sons as husband-substitute, showy in nature and being over-possessive. Paul partly disassociated himself from the crude gender distinction he is voicing, although he still endorses the idea that women are by nature unfitted to full-time work.So, Lawrence reveals Paul’s opinion of women’s inferior capacity for work. After all these discussions, it seems quite clear that Mrs. Morel is the victim of one man and therefore can only live out her life vicariously through the progress made by her sons. Miriam also feels victimized by the men in her family and looks to Paul to help her escape from her servitude. Same thing goes for Clara. All of them, especially Mrs. Morel, are defined by men as their â€Å"Other† and thus, marginalized textually as well as socially and sexually.

The Color Purple As An Empowering Narrative That Reflects...

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Women Are Not Objects For Women - 1223 Words

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